Design and Economic Analysis of Household PV-ESS Systems
Energy storage systems store electricity for peak shaving or emergencies. Lithium - ion batteries, despite lower efficiency, dominate due to fast discharge and long lifespans. A typical system includes a meter, inverter, controller, battery box, and charger to manage power flow and ensure grid compatibility.PV storage is expanding in China, with residential systems growing due to rooftop availability and cost reductions (~2,000 yuan/kW). Integrating PV with home appliances and grid storage enabl