The reaction of the capacitor when the inductor leads the voltageWhen the rate of voltage change on the inductor is higher than the rate of current change, the inductor is inductive, and the voltage is ahead of the current. Under such conditions, we discuss the reaction of the capacitor.The phase relationship between voltage and currentIn circuitry, the phase relationship between voltage and current refers to the time difference and Angle difference between them. In an AC circuit, the phase rela

The situation where the primary winding of a booster transformer is connected in series with the main power supply and the secondary winding is connected in parallel with the main power supply is not common in practical applications, because this connection method usually does not bring the expected benefits and may introduce unnecessary complexity and potential risks. However, assuming that this configuration is for a specific function, we can explore its possible purpose and application scenar

Zener breakdown voltage and avalanche breakdown voltage are two different breakdown mechanisms in semiconductor devices, especially diodes. The breakdown voltage caused by these two mechanisms is different, mainly because of their different physical mechanisms and occurrence conditions.Zener breakdownZener breakdown occurs in a reverse-biased PN junction, and when the applied reverse voltage is high enough, the electric field strength in the PN junction is enough to make the electrons in the val

Classified by power supply type Alternating current voltage Dc voltageClassification by waveform Sine wave voltage Square-wave voltage Triangular wave voltage Sawtooth voltageClassification by voltage level Low pressure Medium voltage High tensionClassified by application field Industrial voltage Medical voltage Consumer electronic voltage Military voltageClassification by use Power voltage Illumination voltage Signal voltage Heating voltageClassified by stability or not Stabilized voltage Unreg

In the core of a transformer, to minimize eddy current losses and hysteresis losses, the core is typically constructed from multiple thin sheets of laminated silicon steel. These silicon steel sheets are separated by an insulating material. The purpose is to reduce the eddy current effect within the core to the maximum extent, thereby reducing heat losses and improving the efficiency of the transformer.Insulating MaterialThe insulating material used between the silicon steel sheets in the core i

Before discussing the behavior of electrons in batteries, we need to be clear about a few concepts. The movement of electrons inside a battery involves electrochemical reactions and current flow. Electrons behave differently inside a battery than they do in a pure conductor, such as a metal wire. Here are some basic explanations for the movement of electrons in a battery:The basic working principle of batteriesThere are two electrodes inside the battery, one is a negative (anode) and the other i

Series Capacitors are widely used in power systems, especially in transmission lines to improve the transmission capacity of the system, improve voltage regulation and reduce losses. However, there are several key issues to note when designing and calculating series capacitors:Voltage distribution problemDescriptionWhen multiple capacitors are connected in series, the voltages on each capacitor are not necessarily equal, but are distributed proportionally according to their respective capacitanc

When discussing voltage differences in two-phase systems and between each pole and the ground in a grounded neutral system, we need to clarify some basic concepts.Two-phase systemTwo-phase systems are not common in modern power systems, but have been used at certain times in history. Two-phase systems usually come in two forms: four-wire and two-wire.Four-wire two-phase systemIn this system, the two sets of coils are 90 degrees out of phase and there are two neutral lines connected together. The

At present, Ndfeb magnets are considered to be one of the strongest magnets commercially available. They belong to the rare earth magnet category and are known for their high strength and high coercivity (i.e. the ability to resist demagnetization). However, there are some materials that can exhibit higher magnetic properties under certain conditions.Samarium-cobalt magnetSamarium cobalt magnets (SmCo) are also rare earth magnets, which are more stable than Ndfeb magnets at high temperatures. Wh

The adoption of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) in power transmission systems has the potential to revolutionize the way electricity is transmitted and distributed. HTS materials become superconducting at temperatures that are higher than those of traditional low-temperature superconductors (LTS), making them more practical for real-world applications due to lower cooling costs. Here are the potential implications of widespread adoption of HTS in power transmission systems, along with how